Genetics

This blog post examines a landmark population-based study that quantifies how polygenic risk scores (PRS) translate into absolute lifetime risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). Using a near-complete Dutch birth-year cohort, the authors demonstrate a striking gradient in lifetime MS risk across genetic risk deciles, with individuals in the highest polygenic risk strata facing orders-of-magnitude greater risk than those in the lowest. The analysis reveals pronounced sex-specific differences in absolute risk while showing that genetic burden does not meaningfully influence age at onset or disease progression. Together, these findings clarify the role of common genetic variation in MS susceptibility and highlight the potential clinical value of PRS for diagnostic stratification rather than prognostic prediction.