Genetics

This blog post examines why the genetic study of multiple sclerosis must expand beyond predominantly European-ancestry populations. It explores how ancestrally diverse genome-wide association studies can clarify global differences in disease risk, refine associations within the major histocompatibility complex, identify novel susceptibility variants, improve causal-variant mapping and strengthen polygenic risk prediction. The discussion also addresses clinical heterogeneity, gene–environment interactions, methodological limitations and the ethical responsibility to build inclusive research partnerships. Collectively, these advances could produce a more accurate understanding of MS biology and support equitable precision medicine for patients worldwide.